Ibid.
A citation shorthand meaning 'in the same source as the previous note'.
Ibid. is an abbreviation of the Latin ibidem, meaning 'in the same place'. In footnotes and endnotes, ibid. tells the reader that this citation refers to the same source as the immediately preceding one.
Modern style guides have grown ambivalent about ibid. Chicago still accepts it; many academic publishers prefer a short repeated citation because notes are increasingly read out of order on screens.
When you use ibid., the page reference can change but the source must not. If the next note refers to a different work, the chain breaks.
“Ibid., p. 47.”
Keep reading the glossary
A citation shorthand meaning 'in the work already cited'.
Latin for 'and others' — used in citations of multi-author works.
A formal reference that lets a reader locate the source of a quote.
The act of naming the original speaker or writer of a quote.